UV/Vis+ Photochemistry Database

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UV/Vis+ Photochemistry Database

Literature-Service: Halogens / Halogen Oxides III

Substances (unsorted): Chlorine Oxides (Cl2O, Cl2O2, Cl2O3, Cl2O4, Cl2O6, Cl2O7, ClClO2, ClO, ClO-, ClOO, OClO, OClO-, ClO3, ClO4)

The relevant Spectral Data, graphical representations, links to abstracts and other photochemical data & information are available for registered users, see Subscription

Please note: The substance groups are only a rough classification. To search for a specific substance please use the Search Tool or see the Substance-list.

Authors Journal/Source Title/Paper Data Sheet
Cl2O ; dichlorine oxide; CAS-No.: 7791-21-1
C.F. Goodeve, J.I. Wallace Trans. Faraday Soc., 26, 254, (1930) The absorption spectrum of chlorine monoxide

W. Finkelnburg, H.J. Schumacher, G. Stieger Z. Phys. Chem., 15, 127-156, (1931) Das Spektrum und der photochemische Zerfall des Chlormonoxids 

H. Martin, R. Gareis Z. Elektrochem., 60, 959-964, (1956) Die Kinetik der Reaktion von ClO2 mit NO2 in der Loesungsphase 

C.-L. Lin J. Chem. Eng. Data, 21, 411-413, (1976) Extinction Coefficients of Chlorine Monoxide and Chlorine Heptoxide 

L.T. Molina, M.J. Molina J. Phys. Chem., 82, 2410-2414, (1978) Ultraviolet Spectrum of HOCl 

H.-D. Knauth, H. Alberti, H. Clausen J. Phys. Chem., 83, 1604-1612, (1979) Equilibrium Constant of the Gas Reaction Cl2O + H2O = 2HOCl and the Ultraviolet Spectrum of HOCl 

F.G. Simon Ph.D.-Thesis, (1989) University of Mainz, Germany, 1989 

F.G. Simon, W. Schneider, G.K. Moortgat, J.P. Burrows J. Photochem. Photobiol., 55, 1-23, (1990) A Study of the ClO Absorption Cross-Section Between 240 and 310 nm and the Kinetics of the Self-Reaction at 300 K 

J.B. Nee J. Quant. Spectros. Radiat. Transfer, 46, 55-58, (1991) Ultraviolet Absorption of Cl2

F. Motte-Tollet, M.-P. Ska, G.M. Marston, I.C. Walker, M.R.F. Siggel, J.M. Gingell, L. Kaminski, K. Brown, N.J. Mason Chem. Phys. Lett., 275, 298-306, (1997) Absolute cross sections for the VUV optical absorption of Cl2O in the 6.5–9.7 eV energy range 

R. Flesch, M. C. Schürmann, J. Plenge, M. Hunnekuhl, H. Meiss, M. Bischof, E. Rühl Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 1, 5423 - 5428, (1999) Absolute photoionization cross sections of the primary photofragments of chlorine dioxide and dichlorine monoxide

D.K. Papanastasiou, K.J. Feierabend, J.B. Burkholder J. Chem. Phys., 134, 204310, (2011) Cl2O photochemistry: Ultraviolet/vis absorption spectrum temperature dependence and O(3P) quantum yield at 193 and 248 nm

related data (quantum yield studies; photolysis studies etc.)
Y. Tanaka, M. Kawasaki, Y. Matsumi, H. Fujiwara, T. Ishiwata, L.J. Rogers, R.N. Dixon, M.N.R. Ashfold J. Chem. Phys., 109, 1315, (1998) The ultraviolet photodissociation of Cl2O at 235 nm and of HOCl at 235 and 266 nm

G.D. Smith, F.M.G. Tablas, L.T. Molina, M.J. Molina J. Phys. Chem. A, 105 (38), 8658-8664, (2001) Measurement of Relative Product Yields from the Photolysis of Dichlorine Monoxide (Cl2O)

M. Roth, C. Maul, K.-H. Gericke J. Phys. Chem. A, 108, 7954-7964, (2004) Photodissociation Dynamics of Cl2O: Interpretation of Electronic Transitions

M.H. Palmer, A.D. Nelson Chem. Phys., 354, 94-105, (2008) The electronic states of chlorine oxide (Cl2O) studied by ab initio configuration interaction methods and spectroscopy

P. Zou, J. Shu, S.W. North J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem., 209 (1), 56-60, (2009) The three-body dissociation dynamics of Cl2O at 248 and 193 nm

Cl2O2 ; ClOOCl; dichlorine dioxide; CAS-No.: CAS-No.: 12292-23-8
L.T. Molina, M.J. Molina J. Phys. Chem., 91, 433-436, (1987) Production of Cl2O2 from the Self-Reaction of the ClO Radical (240 K)

T. Permien, R. Vogt, R.N. Schindler Air Pollution Research Report, 17, 149-154, (1988) Absorption Spectra of HOCl and Cl2O2 (235 K)

J.B. Burkholder priv. comm., (1988) NOAA, 1988 (250 K)

R.A. Cox, G.D. Hayman Nature, 332, 796-800, (1988) The Stability and Photochemistry of Dimers of the ClO Radical and Implications for Antarctica (265 K)

W.B. DeMore, E. Tschuikow-Roux J. Phys. Chem., 94, 5856-5860, (1990) Ultraviolet Spectrum and Chemical Reactivity of the ClO Dimer (206 K)

R. Vogt, R.N. Schindler Air Pollution Research Report, 34, 167-172, (1990) Photochemical Investigations on the Atmospheric Chlorine-Reservoir Compounds  (230 K)

J.B. Burkholder, J.J. Orlando, C.J. Howard J. Phys. Chem., 94, 687-695, (1990) Ultraviolet Absorption Cross Section of Cl2O2 between 210 and 410 nm (250 K)

K.J. Huder, W.B. DeMore J. Phys. Chem., 99, 3905-3908, (1995) Absorption cross sections of the ClO dimer

W.J. Bloss, S.L. Nickolaisen, R.S. Salawitch, R.R. Friedl, S.P. Sander J. Phys.Chem., A, 105, 11226-11239, (2001) Kinetics of the ClO Self-Reaction and 210 nm Absorption Cross Section of the ClO Dimer

J.R. McKeachie, M.F. Appel, U. Kirchner, R.N. Schindler,T. Benter J. Phys. Chem. B, 108 (43), 16786-16797, (2004) Observation of a Heterogeneous Source of OClO from the Reaction of ClO Radicals on Ice

F.D. Pope, J.C. Hansen, K.D. Bayes, R.R. Friedl, S.P. Sander J. Phys. Chem. A, 111, 4322-4332, (2007) The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of chlorine peroxide, ClOOCl

H.-Y. Chen, C.-Y. Lien, W.-Y. Lin, Y.T. Lee, J.J. Lin Science, 324, 781-784, (2009) UV absorption cross sections of ClOOCl are consistent with ozone degradation models

M. von Hobe, F. Stroh, H. Beckers, T. Benter, H. Willner Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 11, 1571 - 1580, (2009) The UV/Vis absorption spectrum of matrix-isolated dichlorine peroxide, ClOOCl

D.K. Papanastasiou, V.C. Papadimitriou, D.W. Fahey, J.B. Burkholder J. Phys. Chem. A, 113 (49), 13711-13726, (2009) UV Absorption Spectrum of the ClO Dimer (Cl2O2) between 200 and 420 nm

D.M. Wilmouth, T.F. Hanisco, R.M. Stimpfle, J.G. Anderson J. Phys. Chem. A, 113 (51), 14099-14108, (2009) Chlorine-Catalyzed Ozone Destruction: Cl Atom Production from ClOOCl Photolysis

I.A.K. Young, R.L. Jones, F.D. Pope Geophys. Res. Lett., 41 (5), 1781-1788, (2014) The UV and visible spectra of chlorine peroxide: Constraining the atmospheric photolysis rate

J.B. Burkholder, S.P. Sander, J.P.D. Abbatt, J.R. Barker, R.E. Huie, C.E. Kolb, M.J. Kurylo, V.L. Orkin, D.M. Wilmouth, P.H. Wine JPL Publication 15-10, Evaluation No. 18, 4-206, (2015) Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Atmospheric Studies

O. Ferchichi, N. Derbel, T. Cours, A. Alijah Chem. Phys. Lett., 764, 138261, (2021) Temperature-dependence of the UV cross section of dichlorine peroxide in the tail region of the 244 nm signal

related data (quantum yield studies; photolysis studies etc.)
T.A. Moore, M. Okumura, J.W. Seale, T.K. Minton J. Phys. Chem. A, 103 (12), 1691-1695, (1999) UV Photolysis of ClOOCl

J. Plenge, R. Flesch, S. Kuehl, B. Vogel, R. Mueller, F. Stroh, E. Ruehl J. Phys. Chem. A, 108 (22), 4859 -4863, (2004) Ultraviolet Photolysis of the ClO Dimer

M.J. Molina, A.J. Colussi, L.T. Molina, R.N. Schindler, T.-L. Tso Chem. Phys. Lett., 589, 52-55, (2013) Quantum yield of chlorine-atom formation in the photodissociation of chlorine peroxide (ClOOCl) at 308 nm

Cl2O3 ; dichlorine trioxide; CAS-No.: 17496-59-2
F.J. Lipscomb, R.G.W. Norrish, B.A. Thrush Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 233, 
No. 1195, 455-464, (1956)
The Study of Energy Transfer by Kinetic Spectroscopy. I. The Production of Vibrationally Excited Oxygen 

G.D. Hayman, R.A. Cox Chem. Phys. Lett., 155, 1-7, (1989) UV Absorption Spectrum and Thermochemistry of Cl2O3 Formed in the Photolysis of OClO-Containing Mixtures at Low Temperatures

J.B. Burkholder, R.L. Mauldin III, R. J. Yokelson, S. Solomon, A.R. Ravishankara J. Phys. Chem., 97(29); 7597-7605, (1993) Kinetic, thermochemical, and spectroscopic study of chlorine oxide (Cl2O3)

T.J. Green, M. Islam, P.Guest, K. Hickson, C.E. Canosa- Mas, R.P. Wayne Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5, 5409-5418, (2003) A discharge flow study of Cl2O3  

M.H. Harwood, D.M. Rowley, R.A. Freshwater, R.A. Cox, R.L. Jones J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 91, 3027 - 3032, (1995) A spectroscopic study of Cl2O3

Cl2O4 ; dichlorine tetroxide; CAS-No.: 27218-16-2
M.I. Lopez, J.E. Sicre J. Phys. Chem., 92, 563-564, (1988) Ultraviolet Spectrum of Chlorine Perchlorate 

T.J. Green, M. Islam, C. Canosa-Mas, G. Marston, R.P. Wayne J. Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 162, 353-370, (2004) Higher oxides of chlorine: absorption cross sections of Cl2O6 and Cl2O4, the decomposition of Cl2O6, and the reactions of OClO with O and O3  

Cl2O6 ; dichlorine hexoxide; CAS-No.: 12442-63-6
M. Jansen, G. Schatte, K.M. Tobias, H. Willner Inorg. Chem., 27, 1703-1706, (1988) Properties of dichlorine hexaoxide in the gas phase and in low temperature matrices

M.I. Lopez, J.E. Sicre J. Phys. Chem., 94, 3860-3863, (1990) Physicochemical Properties of Chlorine Oxides. 1. Composition, Ultraviolet Spectrum, and Kinetics of the Thermolysis of Gaseous Dichlorine Hexoxide 

T.J. Green, M. Islam, C. Canosa-Mas, G. Marston, R.P. Wayne J. Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 162, 353-370, (2004) Higher oxides of chlorine: absorption cross sections of Cl2O6 and Cl2O4, the decomposition of Cl2O6, and the reactions of OClO with O and O3 

Cl2O7; chlorine heptoxide; CAS-No.: 12015-53-1
C.F. Goodeve, B.A.M. Windsor Trans. Faraday Soc., 32, 1518-1519, (1936) The absorption spectrum of chlorine heptoxide

Chorng-Lieh Lin J. Chem. Eng. Data, 21 (4), 411-413, (1976) Extinction coefficients of chlorine monoxide and chlorine heptoxide

ClClO2
H.S.P. Mueller, H. Willner Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chemie, 96, 427-431, (1992) Gas Phase Studies on Chloryl Chloride, ClClO2  

ClO ; chlorine oxide; CAS-No.: 14989-30-1
M. Anbar, I. Dostrovsky J. Chem. Soc., 1105-1108, (1954) Ultra-violet absorption spectra of some organic hypohalites

H.S. Johnston, E.D. Morris, J. Van den Bogaerde J. Am. Chem. Soc., 91, 7712-7727, (1969) Molecular Modulation Kinetic Spectrometry. ClOO and ClO2 Radicals in the Photolysis of Clorine in Oxygen (298 K)

M. Mandelman, R.W. Nicholls J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 17, 483-491, (1977) The Absorption Cross Section and f-values for the v''=0 Progression of Bands and Associated Continuum for the ClO (A2Pi-X2Pi) System (298 K)

Rigaud, P., B. Leroy, G. Le Bras, G. Poulet, J.L. Jourdain, J. Combourieu Chem. Phys. Lett. 46 (1977) 161 About the Identification of Some UV Atmospheric Absorptions Laboratory Study of ClO (298 K)

J.L. Jourdain, G. Le Bras, G. Poulet, J. Combourieu, P. Rigaud, B. Leroy Chem. Phys. Lett., 57 (1978), 109-112 UV Absorption Spectrum Of ClO (A2P-X2P) up to the (1,0) Band (298 K)

S.P. Sander, R.R. Friedl J. Phys. Chem., 93 (1989), 4764-4771 Kinetics and Product Studies of the Reaction ClO + BrO Using Flash Photolysis-Ultraviolet Absorption (298 K)

M. Trolier, R.L. Mauldin III, A.R. Ravishankara J. Phys. Chem., 94 (1990), 4896-4907 Rate Coefficients for the Termolecular Channel of the Self-Reaction of ClO (263 K)

F.G. Simon, W. Schneider, G.K. Moortgat, J.P. Burrows J. Photochem. Photobiol., 55 (1990), 1-23 A Study of the ClO Absorption Cross-Section Between 240 and 310 nm and the Kinetics of the Self-Reaction at 300 K (300 K)

W.H. Howie, I.C. Lane, S.M. Newman, D.A. Johnson, A.J. Orr-Ewing Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 1, (1999), 3079-3085 The UV absorption of ClO

R. Kopitzky, H. Grothe, H. Willner Chemistry - A European Journal, 8 (24), 5601-5621, (2002) Chlorine Oxide Radicals ClOx (x=1-4) Studied by Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy

related data (quantum yield studies; photolysis studies, etc.)
F.H.C. Edgecombe, R.G.W. Norrish, B.A. Thrush Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 243, No. 1232, 24-32, (1957) The flash photolysis of chlorine monoxide

H.F. Davis, Y.T. Lee J. Phys. Chem., 100, 30-34, (1996) Photodissociation Dynamics of ClO Radicals at 248 nm

H. Kim, J. Park, T.C. Niday, S.W. North J. Chem. Phys., 123, 174303, (2005) The UV photodissociation dynamics of ClO radical using velocity map ion imaging

ClO-; hypochlorite; chlorate(I); chlorine oxide anion; CAS-No.: 14380-61-1; PubChem: CID 61739
J.C. Morris J. Phys. Chem., 70 (12), 3798-3805, (1966) The Acid Ionization Constant of HOCl from 5° to 35°

Tung-Ho. Chen Anal. Chem., 39 (7), 804-813, (1967) Spectrophotometric Determination of Microquantities of Chlorate, Chlorite, Hypochlorite, and Chloride in Perchlorate

M.K. Gilles, M.L. Polak, W.C. Lineberger J. Chem. Phys., 96, 8012-8020, (1992) Photoelectron spectroscopy of the halogen oxide anions FO-, ClO-, BrO-, IO-, OClO-, and OIO-

Y. Feng, D.W. Smith, J.R. Bolton J. Environ. Eng. Sci., 6, 277-284, (2007) Photolysis of aqueous free chlorine species (HOCl and OCl-) with 254 nm ultraviolet light

M.J. Watts, K.G. Linden Water Research, 41 (13), 2871-2878, (2007) Chlorine photolysis and subsequent OH radical production during UV treatment of chlorinated water

N. Kishimoto, H. Nishimura Environmental Technology, 36 (19), 2436-2442, (2015) Effect of pH and molar ratio of pollutant to oxidant on a photochemical advanced oxidation process using hypochlorite

Y.-H. Chuang, T.-Y. Chen, C.-S. Chou, L.-K. Chu, C.-Y. Hou, A. Szczuka Environ. Sci. Technol., 57, 40, 15232-15242, (2023) Critical Role of Trichloramine Interaction with Dichloramine for N-Nitrosamine Formation during Breakpoint Chlorination

ClOO
H.S. Johnston, E.D. Morris, J. Van den Bogaerde J. Am. Chem. Soc., 91, 7712-7727, (1969) Molecular Modulation Kinetic Spectrometry. ClOO and ClO2 Radicals in the Photolysis of Chlorine in Oxygen 

S. Baer, H. Hippler, R. Rahn, M. Siefke, N. Seitzinger, J. Troe J. Chem.Phys., 95, 6463-6470, (1991) Thermodynamic and Kinetic Properties of the Reaction Cl+O2+M<=> ClOO+M in the range of 160-300 K and 1-1000 bar 

R.L. Mauldin III, J.B. Burkholder, A.R. Ravishankara J. Phys. Chem., 96, 2582-2588, (1992) A Photochemical, Thermodynamic, and Kinetic Study of ClOO 

OClO ; ClO2; chlorine dioxide; CAS-No.:  10049-04-4
Z.W. Ku Phys. Rev., 44, 376-382, (1933) The Absorption Spectrum of Chlorine Dioxide

H. Martin, R. Gareis Z. Elektrochem., 60, 959, (1965) Die Kinetik der Reaktion von ClO2 mit NO2 in der Lösungsphase

C.M. Humphries, A.D. Walsh, P.A. Warsop Discuss. Faraday Soc., 35, 137-143, (1963) Absorption spectrum of chlorine dioxide in the vacuum ultra-violet

Tung-Ho. Chen Anal. Chem., 39 (7), 804-813, (1967) Spectrophotometric Determination of Microquantities of Chlorate, Chlorite, Hypochlorite, and Chloride in Perchlorate

C.C. Hong, W.H. Rapson Can. J. Chem., 46, 2061- 2064, (1968) Analysis of chlorine dioxide, chlorous acid, chlorite, chlorate, and chloride in composite mixtures

N. Basco, S.K. Dogra Proc. Roy. Soc. London A, 323, 29-68, (1971) Reactions of halogen oxides studied by flash photolysis. I. The flash photolysis of chlorine dioxide

N. Basco, R.D. Morse Defense Technical Information Center, Canada, Accession No.: AD0782591, (1973) Reactions of Halogen Oxide Studied by Flash Photolysis. IV. Vacuum Ultraviolet Kinetic Spectroscopy Studies on Chlorine Dioxide

N. Basco, R.D. Morse Proc. Roy. Soc. London A, 336, 495-505, (1974) Reactions of halogen oxides studied by flash photolysis. IV. Vacuum ultraviolet kinetic studies on chlorine dioxide

H.D. Knauth, H. Alberti, H. Clausen J. Phys. Chem., 83, 1604-1612, (1979) Equilibrium Constant of the Gas Reaction Cl2O+H2O<->2HOCl and the Ultraviolet spectrum of HOCl 

R.A. Barton, R.A. Cox, T.J. Wallington J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1, 80, 2737 - 2743, (1984) Novel ultraviolet product spectra in the photolysis of chlorine dioxide

A. Wahner, G.S. Tyndall, A.R. Ravishankara J. Phys. Chem., 91, 2734-2738, (1987) Absorption Cross sections of OClO as a Function of Temperature in the Wavelength range of 240-480 nm 

R. Flesch, E. Ruehl, K. Hottmann, H. Baumgaertel J. Phys. Chem., 97 (4), 837-844, (1993) Photoabsorption and photoionization of chlorine dioxide

R. Flesch, M.C. Schürmann, J. Plenge, M. Hunnekuhl, H. Meiss, M. Bischof, E. Rühl Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 1, 5423-5428, (1999) Absolute photoionization cross sections of the primary photofragments of chlorine dioxide and dichlorine monoxide

H. Kromminga, J. Orphal, P. Spietz, S. Voigt, J.P. Burrows J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem., 157, 149-160, (2003) New measurements of OClO absorption cross-sections in the 325–435 nm region and their temperature dependence between 213 and 293 K

related data (quantum yield studies; photolysis studies, etc.)
V. Vaida, J.D. Simon Science, 268, 1443-1448, (1995) The Photoreactivity of Chlorine Dioxide

H.F. Davis, Y.T. Lee J. Chem. Phys., 105 (18), 8142-8163, (1996) Photodissociation dynamics of OClO

A. Furlan, H.A. Scheld, J.R. Huber J. Chem. Phys., 106, 6538, (1997) The photodissociation dynamics of OClO between 306 and 370 nm: Fragment translational energy release and recoil anisotropy

M. Roth, C. Maul, K.-H. Gericke J. Chem. Phys., 107 (24), 10582-10591, (1997) Photodissociation dynamics of OClO: O(3PJ) state and energy distributions

J. Thogersen, C.L. Thomsen, J.Aa. Poulsen, S.R. Keiding J. Phys. Chem. A, 102 (23), 4186 -4191, (1998) Chemical Reactions in Liquids: Photolysis of OClO in Water

C.L. Thomsen, P.J. Reid, S.R. Keiding J. Am. Chem. Soc., 122 (51), 12795 -12801, (2000) Quantum Yield for ClOO Formation following Photolysis of Aqueous OClO

A.E. Croce, M.I. Lopez, J.E. Sicre Journal of Photochemistry Photobiology A: Chemistry, 196, 67–76, (2008) The photochemical decomposition of gaseous OClO at 436 nm: Dependence of products distribution on total pressure

OClO-; ClO2-; chlorine dioxide anion; chlorite ion; CAS-No.: 14998-27-7; PubChem: CID 197148
Tung-Ho. Chen Anal. Chem., 39 (7), 804-813, (1967) Spectrophotometric Determination of Microquantities of Chlorate, Chlorite, Hypochlorite, and Chloride in Perchlorate

M.K. Gilles, M.L. Polak, W.C. Lineberger J. Chem. Phys., 96, 8012-8020, (1992) Photoelectron spectroscopy of the halogen oxide anions FO-, ClO-, BrO-, IO-, OClO-, and OIO-

M. Philippi, H.S. dos Santos, A.O. Martins, C.M.N. Azevedo, M. Pires Analytica Chimica Acta, 585 (2), 361-365, (2007) Alternative spectrophotometric method for standardization of chlorite aqueous solutions

ClO3; chlorine trioxide; CAS-No.: 13932-10-0
C.F. Goodeve, F.D. Richardson Trans. Faraday Soc., 33, 453 - 457, (1937) The absorption spectrum of chlorine trioxide and chlorine hexoxide

R. Kopitzky, H. Grothe, H. Willner Chemistry - A European Journal, 8 (24), 5601-5621, (2002) Chlorine Oxide Radicals ClOx (x=1-4) Studied by Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy

ClO4; chlorine tetraoxide
R. Kopitzky, H. Grothe, H. Willner Chemistry - A European Journal, 8 (24), 5601-5621, (2002) Chlorine Oxide Radicals ClOx (x=1-4) Studied by Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy